\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{ulem}
\pagestyle{headings}
\begin{document}
\tableofcontents

Horde Administrator's FAQTroubleshooting and Common ProblemsA blank white screen appears, or the browser opens a download dialog instead of displaying the screen, or the screen is not rendered completelyAfter logging in users are immediately thrown back to the login screenThe login screen keeps reloading constantlyError messages like "User is not authorized" in IMPAfter installation I only have a js/ directory in the web root.Some JavaScript files seem to be missing, I get a 404 error message in the web server log files.Some classes, e.g. Horde\_Registry\_Application, cannot be found, even though I installed the package that should contain them.You get a warning message that JavaScript has been disabled in your browser.After logging in the message "Last login: Never" is displayed. Always.After logging in, users are always prompted to run maintenance.Users using Internet Explorer always get a blank white screen. Other browsers work fine.Common error messages"Database migration files not found. Please check PEAR's data\_dir configuration setting.""Call to undefined function: \_( )""Document contains no data""Failed opening test.php for inclusion""Fatal error: Allowed memory size of \#\#\# bytes exhausted\ldots""Fatal error: Undefined class name 'log' in \ldots""Failed opening 'Log.php' for inclusion""Only variable references should be returned by reference""Only variables can be passed by reference""output handler 'ob\_gzhandler' cannot be used twice in\ldots""top.opener.parent is not an object""Unable to load dynamic library php\_whatever.dll - The specified module could not be found.""Unable to open VFS file for writing""undefined function: bindtextdomain()""undefined function: imap\_open""imap\_utf7\_decode: Unexpected end of string""undefined function: imap\_utf7\_encode()""undefined function: mysql\_connect()""undefined function: mysql\_pconnect()""Warning: Unable to open '/tmp/\ldots'" when attachingVerifying ComponentsHow can I tell if my Web server works?How can I tell if PHP works?How can I tell if Horde works?How can I tell if my IMAP server works?How can I tell if my database works?Troubleshooting IMP\footnote{http://example.com/index.php?page=FAQ/Admin/Troubleshoot/IMP}Troubleshooting Turba\footnote{http://example.com/index.php?page=FAQ/Admin/Troubleshoot/Turba}Troubleshooting ChoraWhy do I get a \textsl{404, Object not found} error when clicking on any cvsroot subdirectories?Troubleshooting VacationI get an "501 5.6.0 Data format error" error in the replay from Vacation

\part{Horde Administrator's FAQ}
\section{Troubleshooting and Common Problems}


\subsection{A blank white screen appears, or the browser opens a download dialog instead of displaying the screen, or the screen is not rendered completely}
In order to get an idea of what really happened, take a look in the web server's error log, in which more verbose errors should be found, at least if you properly configured error logging in your PHP setup\footnote{http://de2.php.net/manual/en/ref.errorfunc.php}.

Possible reasons could be a fatal PHP error, not being displayed to the browser (which is a good thing on production systems, but bad if you are trying to hunt down a problem)1\footnote{http://www.php.net/manual/en/ref.errorfunc.php\#ini.display-errors}, or a segfaulting server process (happens most times in the c-client library\footnote{http://www.php.net/manual/en/ref.imap.php} while using IMP 4 or older). If you correctly configured your web server and PHP to log all errors, you should find more information in your web server's or PHP's log files, or whereever you log the errors (syslog etc.).

Another place to see is the Horde log which is being configured in Horde's setup. By default Horde is logging to the syslog if using Horde 4 or later, resp. to the file /tmp/horde.log if using Horde 3 or older.

If you have a partially rendered screen and you have installed into a separate PEAR (other than the system wide PEAR install), make sure you set the PHP\_PEAR\_SYSCONF\_DIR environment variable as described in the INSTALL docs.

\subsection{After logging in users are immediately thrown back to the login screen}
\subsection{The login screen keeps reloading constantly}
\subsection{Error messages like "User is not authorized" in IMP}
If looking at the Horde log file you see a successful login attempt, and the login screen doesn't contain any error message, or the login screen keeps reloading while you are using the "Automatic" authentication driver, e.g. during the initial setup.

This happens if sessions aren't working properly for some reason. These are possible troubleshooting steps and their solutions:

\begin{description}
\item[Check that PHP sessions are working at all using the sessions test on the \texttt{/horde/test.php} test script.] {If not, make sure that your browser accepts cookies. Otherwise check http://www.php.net/manual/en/ref.session.php\footnote{http://www.php.net/manual/en/ref.session.php} for more information and hints.}
\item[Try logging in with the default PHP session handler if you configured a custom session handler in Horde's setup.] {If this works, something is broken with your custom session handler setup or backend. Continue troubleshooting there.}
\item[If using Horde 3.1.2 or later, change the configuration to allow non-cookie, url-based sessions.] {If this works, cookies aren't stored in your browser. This could be caused by the browser configuration or a faulty session cookie setup, see the next point. If you already locked yourself out of Horde, edit the configuration file \texttt{horde/config/conf.php} manually and set \texttt{\$conf['session']['use\_only\_cookies'] = false;}.}
\item[Make sure that you are using the correct cookie domain and path settings in Horde's setup.] {Cookies are not stored in the browser if you don't use a FQDN (fully qualified domain name), e.g. Raw: http://localhost/horde/, or if the specified cookie path (\texttt{/horde} by default) doesn't match the webroot of your Horde installation, e.g. Raw: http://webmail.example.org/, Raw: http://www.example.org/horde-3.1.2/. To find this, go to the Horde configuration page on the General tab, and the last box on that page says "What path should we set cookies to?". Alternatively, in conf.php, look for the value \$conf['cookie']['path']. Set that to the base URL for horde.}
\item[If session.auto\_start is set to 1 in the php.ini file the login page will loop.] {Set it to 0.}
\item[Delete any cookies in your browser for Horde to test any of the above changes.] {Otherwise wrong cookies might be stored in your browser and the above actions still fail}
\item[Check the session storage.] {By default sessions are stored on the file system, check that your hard-disc partitions still have plenty of room for session storage.}
\item[Check hordeauth parameter in imp/config/backends.php.] {If you are using an IMAP server for authentication, and after login in horde and go to imp, and there you see a login screen, setup \texttt{'hordeauth' => true,} to true in your imap server on imp/config/backends.php.}
\end{description}

\subsection{After installation I only have a js/ directory in the web root.}
\subsection{Some JavaScript files seem to be missing, I get a 404 error message in the web server log files.}
\subsection{Some classes, e.g. Horde\_Registry\_Application, cannot be found, even though I installed the package that should contain them.}
\subsection{You get a warning message that JavaScript has been disabled in your browser.}
These symptoms may be caused by three issues:

\renewcommand{\labelenumi}{\arabic{enumi}}
\begin{enumerate}
\item{The installation failed and you didn't notice. Installing Horde through PEAR produces a \textsl{lot} of output, and it's too easy to miss the single error message that's buried in all that informational output. Search the output of the installation process carefully for any failed installations or required dependencies that cannot be installed.}
\item{The PEAR configuration setting "horde\_dir" is not set correctly. If this configuration is not correctly set, or cannot be received from PEAR, then some files are not installed into the correct web root, or cannot be found there. This can be caused by any of:}
\begin{itemize}
\item{You didn't run the Horde\_Role post-install script. One of the steps of installing Horde through PEAR is to install the Horde\_Role package: http://www.horde.org/apps/horde/docs/INSTALL\#installing-with-pear\footnote{http://www.horde.org/apps/horde/docs/INSTALL\#installing-with-pear}. You forgot to run \texttt{pear run-scripts horde/horde\_role}.}
\item{You ran the Horde\_Role post-install script, but entered a wrong path. The path you need to enter there must be an \textbf{existing} directory on the \textbf{filesystem} inside the \textbf{web root} directory of your server (aliases and symlinks aside). If for example your web server's web root (http://www.example.com/\footnote{http://www.example.com/}) directory is \texttt{/var/www}, and you want Horde to be accessed through http://www.example.com/groupware/\footnote{http://www.example.com/groupware/}, you need to create the directory \texttt{/var/www/groupware} and enter exactly that when running the post-install script for Horde\_Role.}
\item{You have a correct horde\_dir set (verify by running \texttt{pear config-show -c horde}), but it's not correct received when running Horde. This was reported to happen with some web server setups if the user that is running the web server has a local PEAR configuration, e.g. a \texttt{.pearrc} in his home directory. This local configuration is overriding the system-wide configuration for the \texttt{horde\_dir}. Remove that configuration, or use it to set \texttt{horde\_dir} manually.}
\end{itemize}
\item{You installed Horde with a separate PEAR installation, but didn't tell PHP and PEAR where to find this installation. Make sure you followed the installation documentation to update the \texttt{.htaccess} file in the Horde directory. If you did that already, make sure that the web server is configured to use .htaccess files at all.}
\item{You upgraded, and you originally installed Horde with a separate PEAR installation, and your changes to the \texttt{.htaccess} (see above) got lost during the upgrade. Apply them again, or even better, set them in the web server configuration.}
\item{You upgraded, and you originally installed Horde with a separate PEAR installation, but didn't use the same commands for invoking the PEAR installer during the upgrade like you used for installing Horde. Hint: \texttt{/var/www/horde/pear/pear -c /var/www/horde/pear.conf upgrade -a -B -c horde}}
\end{enumerate}
\subsection{After logging in the message "Last login: Never" is displayed. Always.}
You didn't configure a permanent preference backend like SQL or LDAP. Preference backends are used to store user settings and personal stuff like the last login time. As an administrator go the the setup screen for Horde, select the \texttt{Preference System} tab, and enter the necessary settings. The \texttt{PHP Sessions} backend does \textsl{not} store the user settings permanently. You might also need to create some storage resource in the backend of your choice, e.g. a table in your SQL database or a scheme in your LDAP directory. But this is covered in the installation documentation\footnote{http://www.horde.org/horde/docs/?f=INSTALL.html}.

When you are using preferences data from Horde 2.x with Horde 3.0, you have to delete all \texttt{last\_login} preferences, as mentioned in the upgrading instructions\footnote{http://www.horde.org/horde/docs/?f=UPGRADING.html\#upgrading-horde-from-2-x-to-3-0-x}. This could be done with an SQL statement like:\newline
\begin{verbatim}

DELETE FROM horde_prefs WHERE pref_name = 'last_login';
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{After logging in, users are always prompted to run maintenance.}
Similar to the problem above with last login time, you may have a corrupted preference value, in this case, the \texttt{last\_maintenance} preference. You can clear it for all users on a SQL backend by running a statement such as:\newline
\begin{verbatim}

DELETE FROM horde_prefs WHERE pref_name = 'last_maintenance';
\end{verbatim}

The only side effect of this will be all users seeing the maintenance prompt one more time, and then it should behave normally.

\subsection{Users using Internet Explorer always get a blank white screen. Other browsers work fine.}
Internet Explorer has known problems with the combination of HTTP-1.1 keepalive and SSL encryption. Many Apache configurations use a BrowserMatch or SetEnvIf directive, like this one, to solve this problem:

\begin{verbatim}

SetEnvIf User-Agent ".*MSIE.*" nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0
\end{verbatim}

\section{Common error messages}
\subsection{"Database migration files not found. Please check PEAR's data\_dir configuration setting."}
This error message is from Horde and appears if \texttt{migration/} directories from Horde Framework packages either cannot be located, of if the \texttt{package.xml} files for those packages cannot be parsed. The latter should log additional information to the Horde log file (syslog by default).

A few things to check:

\begin{itemize}
\item{\texttt{pear list-channels} must include pear.horde.org}
\item{\texttt{pear config-show horde\_dir} must point to Horde's webroot}
\item{The current command line user might have different (sytem or user) PEAR configuration files (\texttt{pear config-show})}
\begin{itemize}
\item{On some distributions (namely SUSE) there are different configuration directories compiled into the CLI and webserver/fpm versions of PHP, e.g. \texttt{/etc/php7/cli vs. /etc/php7/apache2}. Fix this by pointing them to the same directory for PEAR only with the \texttt{PHP\_PEAR\_SYSCONF\_DIR} environment variable.}
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\subsection{"Call to undefined function: \_( )"}
This error occurs when PHP is not compiled with gettext support. As of version Horde 2.0, PHP needs to be compiled with gettext support. Rebuild PHP with the \texttt{--with-gettext} option to \texttt{configure}, or if using RPM's install the php-gettext RPM. (\texttt{\_()} is a synonym for \texttt{gettext()} in PHP.)

\subsection{"Document contains no data"}
The browser error message, "Document contains no data", only tells you that nothing was sent from the web server to the browser. In other words, something went quite wrong, yet you've no idea what.

See A blank white screen appears\footnote{http://wiki.horde.org/FAQ/Admin/Troubleshoot\#wsod}

\subsection{"Failed opening test.php for inclusion"}
The set\_perms.sh script and some packaged distributions change the permissions on the \texttt{test.php} script so that it can't be run. This increases the security of your web server by not revealing to intruders information about how PHP is compiled/configured or what Horde applications are installed. To use the script while setting up Horde, add read permission for your web server to the script:

\begin{verbatim}

chmod +r horde/test.php
\end{verbatim}

Remember to remove read permission (\texttt{chmod a-r}) from the file when you have finished testing.

\subsection{"Fatal error: Allowed memory size of \#\#\# bytes exhausted\ldots"}
Either recompile PHP \textsl{without} the \texttt{--enable-memory-limit} option, or increase the value of \texttt{memory\_limit} in your \texttt{php.ini} file.

Note that when making a change to your \texttt{php.ini} file you will probably need to restart your web server software in order for the changes to become active.

\subsection{"Fatal error: Undefined class name 'log' in \ldots"}
\subsection{"Failed opening 'Log.php' for inclusion"}
Your PHP PEAR implementation is missing the PEAR Log package. This is a common problem with the PHP 4.2.1 PEAR for example. You can install it via the network if you have a standalone php/pear command. See the file \texttt{horde/docs/INSTALL\footnote{http://www.horde.org/horde/docs/?f=INSTALL.html}} for more information on how to install the required PEAR packages this way. Otherwise you can download Log and other required PEAR packages (e.g. from http://pear.php.net/get/Log\footnote{http://pear.php.net/get/Log}) and manually install them inside your PEAR directory. You may also need to install the modules Mail\_Mime and Net\_Socket. Horde's \texttt{test.php} script will give you an overview of which required PEAR packages are installed and which are missing.

For more detailed instructions on installing PEAR modules, see the PEAR documentation at http://pear.php.net/manual/\footnote{http://pear.php.net/manual/}.

\subsection{"Only variable references should be returned by reference"}
\subsection{"Only variables can be passed by reference"}
These messages appear after upgrading to PHP 4.4 or PHP 5.1. These PHP versions raise notices about reference usage that older version accepted happily. Only Horde 3.x and the H3 application versions are fixed to not cause these messages, so either upgrade to the latest versions, or set your error reporting level in PHP to exclude E\_NOTICE level messages.

E.g. in \texttt{php.ini}:

\begin{verbatim}

error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE
\end{verbatim}

You can also turn off the display of error reporting entirely, although this might cause problems diagnosing problems in the future.  After you get a good, working installation you can turn off the display of error messages to the browser and just log them.

E.g. in \texttt{php.ini}:

\begin{verbatim}

display_errors = Off
log_errors = On
error_log = syslog ; goes to NT event log on NT-based machines
; error_log = /var/log/php_error
\end{verbatim}

Note that when making a change to your \texttt{php.ini} file you will probably need to restart your web server software in order for the changes to become active.

\subsection{"output handler 'ob\_gzhandler' cannot be used twice in\ldots"}
\textbf{[Horde 2.x]:} You enabled output compression in both your php.ini configuration file and in your horde configuration file (either horde/config/horde.php or horde/config/conf.php). Disable it in one of these two locations. Current Horde versions check to see if the gz output buffer is in place before adding it again.

\subsection{"top.opener.parent is not an object"}
This error is the result of a bug in Internet Explorer. Stuart\footnote{mailto:stuart@eclipse.net.uk} suggests that the following commands (executed on the Windows system on which Internet Explorer is installed) will solve the problem:

\begin{verbatim}

regsvr32 c:\windows\system32\actxprxy.dll
regsvr32 c:\windows\system32\shdocvw.dll
\end{verbatim}

The FAQ maintainer has \textsl{not} tested the above! Make sure you have a backup of your system before playing with deep Windows magic.

\subsection{"Unable to load dynamic library php\_whatever.dll - The specified module could not be found."}
This error message is a misrepresentation of the actual problem. Often occurs when some dependency needed for php\_whatever.dll is missing.e.g. need to copy iconv.dll (from the dlls folder under to the php install directory) to windows\\system32 to get php\_gettext.dll to load.

\subsection{"Unable to open VFS file for writing"}
If you see this message from kronolith or trean (or any other application that uses crontabs) you are running a crontab script as a different user as you did in the first run. Adjust your crontab (running it as same user as the webserver is a good idea) and also change the ownership of \texttt{<your\_vfs\_root>/.horde}.

\subsection{"undefined function: bindtextdomain()"}
This error occurs when PHP is not compiled with gettext support. As of Horde 2.0, PHP needs to be compiled with gettext support. Rebuild PHP with the \texttt{--with-gettext} option to configure, or if using RPM's install the php-gettext RPM.

\subsection{"undefined function: imap\_open"}
This error is the result of using IMP without compiling IMAP support into PHP. Be sure that your PHP installation supports IMAP, and rebuild it with the \texttt{--with-imap} flag to configure if it does not (or install the php-imap RPM in an RPM installation).

\subsection{"imap\_utf7\_decode: Unexpected end of string"}
\subsection{"undefined function: imap\_utf7\_encode()"}
This error most often occurs when IMP tries to use a folder name with an ampersand (\&) in it. The easiest solution is to rename the folder to something without an ampersand in it (on the server, or with a different IMAP client).

The error can also occur if IMAP support has not been compiled into PHP. Ensure that your PHP installation supports IMAP.

\subsection{"undefined function: mysql\_connect()"}
\subsection{"undefined function: mysql\_pconnect()"}
This error occurs when IMP is configured to use MySQL, but PHP was not built with support for MySQL. Rebuild PHP, ensuring that MySQL support is compiled in, and that the line

\begin{verbatim}

extension = mysql.so
\end{verbatim}

appears in your \texttt{php.ini}

\subsection{"Warning: Unable to open '/tmp/\ldots'" when attaching}
On some systems (commonly Solaris and FreeBSD), the \texttt{upload\_tmp\_dir} setting in \texttt{php.ini} must be set to \texttt{/var/tmp}.

Note that when making a change to your \texttt{php.ini} file you will probably need to restart your web server software in order for the changes to become active.

\section{Verifying Components}
\subsection{How can I tell if my Web server works?}
Testing your webserver is straightforward: place a file containing some HTML (or even just some text) in the directory in which it expects to find its data (in Apache, \texttt{DocumentRoot}), and make the file world-readable. Start up the webserver if it is not already running, and in your browser, load

\begin{verbatim}

http://hostname.example.com/filename
\end{verbatim}

(substituting the name of the server and the filename as appropriate). If you see the contents of the file, your web server is running. If you receive an error, check your web server's error log to see what went wrong.

\subsection{How can I tell if PHP works?}
The simplest way to test PHP is to create a file, \texttt{phpinfo.php3}, somewhere under your web server's document root, with the following contents:

\begin{verbatim}

<?php phpinfo() ?>
\end{verbatim}

Upon accessing it with a browser, you should be presented with a summary of your PHP configuration. If you see the program text itself, your web server does not know to interpret the file with PHP.

\subsection{How can I tell if Horde works?}
Horde includes a PHP program which will test both your Horde and PHP installations. If you have horde installed in the usual location, point your browser at

\begin{verbatim}

http://hostname.example.com/horde/test.php
\end{verbatim}

Verify the following from the information \texttt{test.php} offers:

\begin{itemize}
\item{You are running a supported version of PHP.}
\item{Gettext support reads "Yes"}
\item{IMAP support reads "Yes"}
\item{If you plan on using MySQL, PostgreSQL, or LDAP, their "Support" lines read "Yes".}
\item{\texttt{magic\_quotes\_runtime} set to Off reads "Yes".}
\item{The session counter increments when the page is reloaded.}
\item{All the PEAR options return "Yes".}
\end{itemize}
This page also may have links to test pages for other installed modules, and/or links to other PHP information pages available.

\subsection{How can I tell if my IMAP server works?}
The simplest way to test an IMAP server is to send mail to an account on the IMAP server, and then use a standard IMAP client like Netscape Mail, Outlook Express, PINE, mutt, or Eudora Pro to read the mail.

If you don't have a standard IMAP client handy, or if a standard client fails, you can telnet to port 143 of your IMAP server and try the following exchange (where "normal" server responses are \textsl{emphasized}):

\textsl{* OK imap.example.com IMAP4rev1 v12.264 server ready}\newline
   \texttt{0 login yourusername yourpassword}\newline
   \textsl{0 OK LOGIN completed}\newline
   \texttt{0 logout}

If you don't get \texttt{OK LOGIN}, then your server is probably misconfigured (unless you are using a specific authentication module such as Kerberos, in which case you will probably have to test it with a real IMAP client or the mtest program included with the UW-IMAP c-client distribution).

\subsection{How can I tell if my database works?}
The most straightforward way of testing your database is to create the Horde databases themselves; if the creation proceeds without error, then the database is probably functioning normally.

You can also use the following code, contributed by <chowes@ics.bc.ca>:

\begin{verbatim}

<html>
<head><title>DB Test</title></head>
<body>

This is a test:<br>
<?php

function test()
{
    if (!($db = mysql_connect('localhost','root','yourpassword'))) return 1;
    if (!mysql_query('create database testdb', $db)) return 2;
    if (!mysql_select_db('testdb', $db)) return 3;
    if (!mysql_db_query('testdb', 'create table testtest ( test char(60))', $db)) return 4;
    if (!mysql_db_query('testdb', 'insert into testtest values (\'hello world!\')', $db)) return 5;
    if (!($result = mysql_db_query('testdb', 'select * from testtest', $db))) return 6;
    if (mysql_num_rows($result) > 0) echo mysql_result($result, 0, 0);
    if (!mysql_db_query('testdb', 'delete from testtest', $db)) return 7;
    if (!mysql_query('drop database testdb', $db)) return 8;
    return 9;
}

$r = test();
echo "<br>result code = $r";
?>

</body>
</html>
\end{verbatim}

Then, load the file with your browser. It will create a database, a table, and a row; put data into the row; then delete the row, the table, and the database. If successful, the output will read

\begin{verbatim}

This is a test: hello world!
result code=9
\end{verbatim}

If it does not, at least you can see where it breaks, by matching the result code with the \texttt{return} statement in the program; the line on which the matching return statement lies is the one which failed. For instance, if result code=1, then mysql isn't running, or a bad host/username/password has been entered.

\section{Troubleshooting IMP\footnote{http://example.com/index.php?page=FAQ/Admin/Troubleshoot/IMP}}
\section{Troubleshooting Turba\footnote{http://example.com/index.php?page=FAQ/Admin/Troubleshoot/Turba}}
\section{Troubleshooting Chora}
\subsection{Why do I get a \textsl{404, Object not found} error when clicking on any cvsroot subdirectories?}
Some web servers do not support PATH\_INFO, or have it disabled by default, in which case this problem will arise. Try to disable PATH\_INFO usage by setting \texttt{\$conf['options']['use\_path\_info']} to false in \texttt{horde/chora/config/conf.php}.

\section{Troubleshooting Vacation}
\subsection{I get an "501 5.6.0 Data format error" error in the replay from Vacation}
I get the following error when setting up vacations using the Vacation Horde module.

\begin{verbatim}

The original message was received at Tue, 7 Mar 2006 17:03:07 +0100
from xxx.senderdomain.com [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]

   ----- The following addresses had permanent fatal errors -----
"|/usr/bin/vacation xxx"
    (reason: Data format error)
    (expanded from: <xxx@example.com>)

   ----- Transcript of session follows -----
501 5.6.0 Data format error
\end{verbatim}

find this line of code in your "pathtohorde/vacation/lib/Driver/forwards.php" file\newline
\begin{verbatim}

// Try to change permissions, but ignore any errors.
$this->_vfs->changePermissions('', '.forward', '0600');
\end{verbatim}

\newline
and append the following after this line\newline
\begin{verbatim}

$this->_vfs->changePermissions('', '.vacation.db', '0640');
$this->_vfs->changePermissions('', '.vacation.msg', '0640');
$this->_vfs->changePermissions('', '.vacation.dir', '0640');
$this->_vfs->changePermissions('', '.vacation.pag', '0640');
\end{verbatim}

\newline
delete your vacation entry using the vacation module and recreate it. \newline
Problem should be solved.\end{document}
